Surgeon case volume and the risk of complications following surgeries of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fracture

PurposeThis study aimed to address the relationship between surgeon volume and the risk of complications following surgeries of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures (DIACFs).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records and the follow-up registers for patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation with plate/screws in our center between January 2015 and June 2020. Surgeon volume was defined as the number of surgically treated calcaneal fractures within the past 12 months, and was dichotomized on basis of the optimal cut-off value. The outcome measure was the documented overall complications within 1 year after surgery. Four logistics regression models were constructed to examine the potential relationship between surgeon volume and complications.ResultsAmong 585 patients, 49 had documented complications, representing an overall rate of 8.4%. The overall complication rate was 20.0% (22/111) in patients operated on by the low-volume surgeons and 5.7% (27/474) by the high-volume surgeons, with a significant difference (p < 0.001). The 4 multivariate analyses showed steady and robust inverse volume-complication relationship, with OR ranging from 3.8 to 4.4. The restricted cubic splines adjusted for total covariates showed the non-linear fitting “L-shape” or “reverse J-shape” curve (p = 0.041), and the OR was reduced until 10 cases, beyond which the curve leveled.ConclusionsOur findings reflected the important role of maintaining necessary operative cases, potentially informing optimized surgical care management.     

Computational analysis of renal artery flow characteristics by modeling aortoplasty and aortic bypass interventions for abdominal aortic coarctation

ObjectiveSuprarenal abdominal aortic coarctation (SAAC) alters flow and pressure patterns to the kidneys and is often associated with severe angiotensin-mediated hypertension refractory to drug therapy. SAAC is most often treated by a thoracoabdominal bypass (TAB) or patch aortoplasty (PA). It is currently unclear what effect these interventions have on renal flow and pressure waveforms. This study, using retrospective data from a patient with SAAC subjected to a TAB, undertook computational modeling to analyze aortorenal blood flow preoperatively as well as postoperatively after a variety of TAB and PA interventions.MethodsPatient-specific anatomic models were constructed from preoperative computed tomography angiograms of a 9-year-old child with an isolated SAAC. Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations of hemodynamics were performed to analyze preoperative renal flow and pressure waveforms. A parametric study was then performed to examine the hemodynamic impact of different bypass diameters and patch oversizing.ResultsPreoperative FSI results documented diastole-dominated renal perfusion with considerable high-frequency disturbances in blood flow and pressure. The postoperative TAB right and left kidney volumes increased by 58% and 79%, respectively, reflecting the increased renal artery blood flows calculated by the FSI analysis. Postoperative increases in systolic flow accompanied decreases in high-frequency disturbances, aortic pressure, and collateral flow after all surgical interventions. In general, lesser degrees of high-frequency disturbances followed PA interventions. High-frequency disturbances were eliminated with the 0% PA in contrast to the 30% and 50% PA oversizing and TAB interventions, in which these flow disturbances remained.ConclusionsBoth TAB and PA dramatically improved renal artery flow and pressure waveforms, although disturbed renal waveforms remained in many of the surgical scenarios. Importantly, only the 0% PA oversizing scenario eliminated all high-frequency disturbances, resulting in nearly normal aortorenal blood flow. The study also establishes the relevance of patient-specific computational modeling in planning interventions for the midaortic syndrome.     

快速康复外科护理在经鼻蝶入路垂体瘤切除术围术期护理中的效果分析

目的 探讨快速康复外科护理在经鼻蝶入路垂体瘤切除术围术期护理中应用效果。方法 选择我院2016年3月～2019年3月收治的经鼻碟入路垂体切除术患者中50例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(n=25)与研究组(n=25),对照组患者给予常规围手术期护理,研究组患者在此基础上实施快速康复外科护理,比较两组手术相关指标、护理不良事件及护理满意度。结果 两组术中出血量及手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);研究组患者的入住监护室时间、术后住院时间、不良事件总发生率、护理总满意度均优于对照组(P0.05)。结论 对经鼻碟入路垂体瘤切除术患者予围手术期快速康复外科护理,能够有效降低护理不良事件发生率,缩短患者住院时间,提高患者护理满意度,值得临床推广应用。     

手术动力设备电磁兼容测试中工况选取的探索

目的介绍手术动力设备的电磁兼容测试方法,为多功能手术动力设备测试提供指引。方法通过对常见手术动力设备的不同功能逐一测试得出的结果进行比对,分析不同功能在同一检测项目中的差异。结果传导发射(Conduction Emission,CE)与负载引起的功率变化有关,辐射发射(Radiation Ernission,RE)与负载引起的功率变化无必然联系。静电放电(Electrostatic Discharge,ESD)与负载刀头到设备输入插口的插入损耗有关。结论可选择输入功率较大的负载进行CD和RE测试;电路原理不明确时,还可通过频谱仪预测判断后,选择出现最大幅值的负载进行RE测试;ESD测试选择插入损耗最小的负载测试;其余抗扰度项目可选取任一负载测试。     

Systematic review of acceptability,cardiovascular, neurological,bone health and HRT outcomes following risk reducing surgery in BRCA carriers

Primary surgical prevention in the form of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) is the most effective option and the gold standard for ovarian cancer (OC) risk-reduction, particularly given the absence of an effective national OC screening programme. However, premenopausal RRSO leads to premature surgical menopause with detrimental long-term health sequelae particularly in women who do not/are unable to take hormone replacement therapy (HRT). HRT uptake in women undergoing pre-menopausal oophorectomy appears low and is dependent on informed counselling, the safety of HRT and efficacy in mitigating the health sequelae of premature menopause. Acceptance of a central role for the fallopian tube in OC etiopathogenesis, coupled with the detrimental consequences of premature menopause, has led to the attractive proposal of early-salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy as an alternative OC surgical prevention strategy in premenopausal women who have completed childbearing but decline or wish to delay RRSO. The successful implementation of risk reducing surgery for OC prevention depends on the acceptability of surgery to both, recipients (e.g. BRCA1/BRCA2 carriers) and intervention deliverers (healthcare professionals/researchers). Acceptability is also informed by an understanding of health outcomes following risk reducing surgery and the safety of HRT. It is therefore vital to understand the effects of surgery on important health outcomes such as cardiovascular health, neurological function and bone health. We present a comprehensive review of acceptability, the selected health outcomes mentioned above and HRT safety following risk reducing surgery.